Renal

Module Description

This organ system-based module covers an in-depth understanding of kidney function, the pathophysiology of renal diseases, and their management. It covers key topics including renal anatomy, histology, physiology, pharmacology, as well as fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base disorders, glomerular diseases, genetic and tubulointerstitial diseases, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), glomerulonephritis, and renal replacement therapies. This module emphasizes a holistic approach to patient care, focusing on early detection, prevention strategies, and the latest treatment modalities for renal diseases. It aims to equip students with the knowledge and clinical skills necessary to provide comprehensive care to patients with renal conditions, advocating for patient education and empowerment in managing their health.

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Module Goals

• To provide comprehensive knowledge of renal physiology and the mechanisms underlying renal pathology.

• To enhance the ability to diagnose, manage, and treat acute and chronic renal diseases.

• To cultivate proficiency in interpreting renal diagnostic tests and understanding their clinical relevance.

• To integrate evidence-based practices in the care of patients with renal disorders.

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Module Learning Objectives

By the end of this module, students will:

Module Learning Objective	Medical Education Program Objective
Identify and describe the anatomical and histological structures of the kidneys, explaining their role in physiology, particularly in maintaining homeostasis and eliminating waste.	Knowledge for Practice 8. Apply knowledge of the biomedical sciences to care for patients.
Explain the physiological mechanisms that underlie renal function and fluid balance, including the filtration, reabsorption, and secretion activities of the kidneys.	Knowledge for Practice 8. Apply knowledge of the biomedical sciences to care for patients.
Explain the pathophysiological processes that underlie common renal diseases such as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and explain their impact on systemic health.	Knowledge for Practice 9. Apply established and emerging principles of clinical sciences to diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making, clinical problem-solving, and other aspects of evidence-based health care.
Assess clinical presentations and laboratory findings, including data pertaining to electrolytes disorders, acid base disorders, glomerular diseases, tubulo-Interstitial diseases, acute kidney injury (AKI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).	Patient Care 2. Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice. 3. Make informed decisions about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
Interpret key diagnostic tests related to renal function, such as serum creatinine levels, urine analysis, and imaging studies, to support clinical decision-making	Patient Care 2. Interpret laboratory data, imaging studies, and other tests required for the area of practice.
Outline management strategies for renal diseases, incorporating pharmacological treatments, lifestyle changes, and dialysis requirements.	Patient Care 3. Make informed decisions about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
Analyze patient case scenarios to practice clinical reasoning and apply evidence-based decision-making in nephrology	Patient Care 3. Make informed decisions about diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Practice-Based Learning and Improvement 13. Locate, appraise, and assimilate evidence from scientific studies related to patients' health problems.